Limited Liability
Shareholders generally have liability limited to their unpaid share capital, subject to applicable law.
PRIVATE LIMITED COMPANY REGISTRATION
Private Limited Company Registration
Get end-to-end assistance for Private Limited Company incorporation, from name approval and DSC/DIN to SPICe+ filing, PAN, TAN and post-incorporation guidance.
✓ Minimum 2 directors & 2 shareholders
✓ SPICe+ incorporation assistance
✓ CIN, PAN & TAN guidance
✓ GST, EPFO & ESIC assistance where applicable
2+Directors
200Max Members
7–10Working Days*
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SAMPLE
Certificate of Incorporation
Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) — sample certificate of incorporation
Illustrative sample. Your official certificate is issued after approval.
01Companies Act, 2013Governing framework
02MCA / SPICe+Primary incorporation route
032 DirectorsAt least 1 resident director
042–200 MembersShareholder range
WHY PRIVATE LIMITED?
Designed for Businesses That Want to Grow.
A Private Limited Company creates a separate legal identity, limits shareholder liability and provides a structured path for ownership, fundraising and long-term growth.
Separate Legal Identity
The company can own assets, enter contracts and conduct business independently of its members.
Fundraising Ready
The structure supports equity ownership, investor participation and ESOP-based employee incentives.
Perpetual Succession
The company's existence can continue despite changes in shareholders or directors.
Business Credibility
A formal corporate identity can strengthen confidence among customers, vendors, banks and investors.
Startup Friendly
Eligible DPIIT-recognised startups may access applicable Startup India benefits.
OVERVIEW
What Is a Private Limited Company?
A Private Limited Company is a closely held business structure incorporated under the Companies Act, 2013. It operates as a separate legal entity and can have between 2 and 200 members.
Incorporation is handled through the MCA's integrated SPICe+ process. Depending on the application, linked registrations can include DIN, PAN, TAN, GSTIN, EPFO and ESIC.
Check Eligibility →Governing LawCompanies Act, 2013
RegulatorMCA / RoC
Minimum Directors2
Minimum Shareholders2
Maximum Members200
Statutory Minimum CapitalNo prescribed minimum
ELIGIBILITY
Who Can Register?
Indian residents, NRIs, foreign nationals and eligible corporate bodies can participate subject to applicable incorporation requirements.
| Criterion | Requirement |
|---|---|
| Minimum directors | 2; at least 1 Indian resident |
| Maximum directors | 15, subject to applicable provisions |
| Minimum shareholders | 2 |
| Maximum shareholders | 200 |
| Director age | 18 years or above |
| DIN | Mandatory for directors |
| Resident director | At least one director meeting the applicable residency requirement |
DOCUMENTATION
Documents You May Need.
Exact requirements can vary based on directors, shareholders, registered office and whether any applicant is a foreign national.
✓
PAN & Identity Proof
For proposed directors and shareholders.
✓
Address Proof
Valid residential/address documentation.
✓
Registered Office Proof
Address documents and owner NOC where applicable.
✓
Photographs & Details
Recent photographs and required personal details.
✓
Foreign Director Documents
Passport and appropriately apostilled/notarised documents where applicable.
✓
Digital Signatures
Class 3 DSC support for proposed directors.
SPICe+ PROCESS
From Documents to Incorporation.
A guided version of the MCA incorporation journey, simplified into clear steps.
01
Get DSC
Obtain Class 3 Digital Signature Certificates for proposed directors.
02
Reserve Name
Propose a suitable company name through SPICe+ Part A.
03
Prepare MoA & AoA
Draft the company's memorandum and articles with the required details.
04
File SPICe+
Submit incorporation information, attachments and linked registrations.
05
Professional Certification
Required incorporation documents are certified by an eligible professional.
06
Approval & CoI
After successful processing, receive the Certificate of Incorporation with CIN.
TAX & STARTUP BENEFITS
Understand the Potential Advantages.
Section 115BAA
Eligible domestic companies may opt for the concessional corporate tax regime subject to conditions.
Section 115BAB
A concessional regime may apply to eligible new manufacturing companies subject to conditions.
DPIIT Startup Benefit
Eligible recognised startups may qualify for applicable Section 80-IAC benefits.
FDI Route
Foreign investment may be permitted under the automatic route in many sectors, subject to policy.
AFTER INCORPORATION
Registration Is Only the Beginning.
A Private Limited Company has ongoing statutory responsibilities. Keeping track of deadlines helps maintain active status and avoid unnecessary penalties.
→Appoint statutory auditorWithin the applicable statutory period.
→File INC-20ACommencement declaration within the applicable deadline.
→Director KYCAnnual DIR-3 KYC compliance where applicable.
→AOC-4 & MGT-7Annual financial statement and return filing.
→Income Tax ReturnCorporate income-tax compliance as applicable.
COMPARE STRUCTURES
Is Pvt Ltd Right for You?
| Parameter | Pvt Ltd | LLP | OPC | Proprietorship |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Minimum members | 2 | 2 partners | 1 + nominee | 1 |
| Liability | Limited | Limited | Limited | Unlimited |
| Separate legal entity | Yes | Yes | Yes | No |
| Equity fundraising | Strong fit | Different structure | Limited | Not applicable |
WHY CORPORATE MART
More Than Registration. A Partner for Your Business.
We make the incorporation journey easier to understand, easier to manage and easier to continue after your company is formed.
End-to-End Guidance
From choosing the right structure and preparing documents to incorporation and immediate next steps, everything stays organised in one journey.
One guided workflowTransparent Process
We break the registration journey into clear stages so you know what is being prepared, filed and expected next.
Clear at every stepCompliance Mindset
Our support does not stop at the Certificate of Incorporation. We help you understand the recurring compliance responsibilities too.
Built for the long termBusiness-Focused Advice
We explain technical requirements in practical language so founders can make decisions with a better understanding of the implications.
Advice you can act on01Document checklist
02Application guidance
03Incorporation support
04Post-registration direction
FAQ
Frequently Asked Questions
What is a Private Limited Company?+
It is a closely held corporate structure with a separate legal identity and limited liability, subject to the Companies Act and applicable rules.
How many directors are required?+
A minimum of two directors is required, with at least one director meeting the applicable Indian residency requirement.
How many shareholders are required?+
A Private Limited Company generally requires at least two shareholders and can have up to 200 members under the applicable definition.
Is there a minimum paid-up capital requirement?+
There is no statutory minimum paid-up capital requirement for incorporation, although the capital structure still needs to be properly declared.
What is SPICe+?+
SPICe+ is the MCA's integrated incorporation process used for company name reservation, incorporation and linked registrations.
Can NRIs or foreign nationals become directors?+
Yes, subject to applicable DIN, DSC, passport and document authentication requirements, while the resident-director requirement must also be satisfied.
What happens after incorporation?+
The company must continue with applicable statutory filings, tax compliance, director KYC, annual returns and other event-based obligations.
READY TO INCORPORATE?
Start Your Private Limited Company With the Right Guidance.
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